Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi arrived in Damascus on Sunday to deliver a message of support to Syria's government and armed forces, days after rebels launched a swift offensive capturing Aleppo, the coutry’s second largest city, and other localities.
Araghchi is said to have assured Syrian President Bashar al-Assad during their meetiing that Tehran is ready to provide all kind of support for Syria.
Assad emphasized "the importance of the support of allies and friends in confronting foreign-backed terrorist attacks", a statement from the presidency said after the meeting.
Araghchi again called the rebel offensive a US and Israeli plot, and vowed that "the Syrian army will once again win".
Assad vowed to defeat the "terrorists", however big their attacks.
"Terrorism only understands the language of force, and that is the language which we will use to break it and eliminate it, whoever its supporters and sponsors are," he said.
Government forces lost control of Syria's second city Aleppo on Sunday for the first time since the country's civil conflict began, a war monitor said, after a lightning offensive dealt a severe blow to President Bashar al-Assad.
A rebel alliance launched its assault on forces of the Iranian- and Russian-backed government on Wednesday, the same day a fragile ceasefire took effect in neighbouring Lebanon between Israel and the Iran-backed Hezbollah after two months of all-out war.
The jihadist Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) group and allied factions now "control Aleppo city, except the neighbourhoods controlled by the Kurdish forces", Rami Abdel Rahman, head of the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, told AFP.
For the first time since the civil war started more than a decade ago, "Aleppo city is out of control of Syrian regime forces", he said.
The Observatory said Russian aircraft staged deadly strikes Sunday in support of the government.
It said at least five people were killed when "four Russian air strikes targeted the square near Aleppo university".
Russian strikes also killed eight civilians, including two children and a woman, in the rebel bastion of Idlib, the Observatory said.
Idlib resident Umm Mohamed said she lost her daughter-in-law, who left behind five children, including a wounded little girl.
"We were sitting in the room and suddenly we heard the sound of an explosion, the walls fell on us," she told AFP from hospital.
"From the dust, no one could see the others... I was with my son's five children. Thank God their injuries were minor."
In 2016 the Syrian army -- supported by Russian air power -- recaptured rebel-held areas of Aleppo, a city dominated by its landmark citadel.
Damascus also relied on Hezbollah fighters to regain swathes of Syria lost to rebels early in the war, which began in 2011 when the government crushed protests. But Hezbollah has taken heavy losses in its fight with Israel.
Tanks seized
Several northern districts inside Aleppo are predominantly inhabited by Syrian Kurds under authority of the People's Protection Units (YPG), the main component of the US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF).
Before this offensive, HTS, led by Al-Qaeda's former Syria branch, already controlled swathes of the Idlib region, the last major rebel bastion in the northwest.
HTS also held parts of the neighbouring Aleppo, Hama and Latakia provinces.
The latest fighting has killed more than 370 people, mostly combatants but also including at least 48 civilians, according to the Observatory, which has a network of sources inside Syria.
The Observatory said rebel advances met little resistance.
AFP images showed fighters posing with seized tanks.
The rebels said that they had taken around thirty prisoners among the ranks of government forces, while another thirty had reportedly defected, via their Telegram channel.
The Observatory on Sunday said the army strengthened its positions around Syria's fourth largest city Hama, about 230 kilometres (140 miles) south of Aleppo, and sent reinforcements to the north of the surrounding province.
Syria's defence ministry said army units in Hama province "reinforced their defensive lines with diverse means of fire, equipment and personnel".
Rebels have taken dozens of towns across the north, including Khan Sheikhun and Maaret al-Numan, roughly halfway between Aleppo and Hama, the Observatory said.
'Weak' government
In Idlib on Sunday, bodies lay in a hospital and vehicles were torched in the street, AFP images showed, after what the Observatory said were Russian air strikes.
In Aleppo, an AFP photographer saw charred vehicles. Inside one car, a woman's body lay slumped in the back seat, a handbag beside her.
The Russian air strikes on parts of Aleppo are the first since 2016.
Aaron Stein, president of the US-based Foreign Policy Research Institute, said "Russia's presence has thinned out considerably and quick reaction air strikes have limited utility".
He called the rebel advance "a reminder of how weak the regime is".
Aron Lund of the Century International think tank said "Aleppo seems to be lost for the regime... and a government without Aleppo is not really a functional government of Syria".
Syria's "reliance on Russia and Iran", along with its refusal to move forward with a 2015 peace process outlined by the UN Security Council, "created the conditions now unfolding", said US National Security Council spokesman Sean Savett.
The United States maintains hundreds of troops in northeast Syria as part of an anti-jihadist coalition.
Layal Abou Rahal, with AFP
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